1. 创建表单:
在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views目录下创建一个studentForm.jsp文件,用于显示表单:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Student Form</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Student Information Form</h2>
<form action="submitForm" method="post">
<label for="firstName">First Name:</label>
<input type="text" id="firstName" name="firstName" required/><br/>
<label for="lastName">Last Name:</label>
<input type="text" id="lastName" name="lastName" required/><br/>
<label for="email">Email:</label>
<input type="email" id="email" name="email" required/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
2. 创建实体类:
创建一个Student实体类,用于存储学生信息:
package com.example.model;
public class Student {
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
private String email;
// getters and setters
}
3. 创建Controller:
创建一个StudentController类,处理表单的显示和提交:
package com.example.controller;
import com.example.model.Student;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
public class StudentController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/showForm", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String showForm(Model model) {
model.addAttribute("student", new Student());
return "studentForm";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/submitForm", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String submitForm(Student student, Model model) {
// 处理提交的表单数据
model.addAttribute("message", "Student Information Submitted Successfully!");
return "studentResult";
}
}
4. 创建结果页面:
在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views目录下创建一个studentResult.jsp文件,用于显示提交结果:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Student Result</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>${message}</h2>
<a href="showForm">Go Back to Form</a>
</body>
</html>
5. 配置web.xml:
如果你的项目还没有web.xml文件,创建一个并添加如下配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<display-name>SpringMVCFormExample</display-name>
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
6. 配置spring-mvc-servlet.xml:
在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF目录下创建一个spring-mvc-servlet.xml文件,配置Spring MVC:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<!-- 开启组件扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.controller" />
<!-- 开启注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
7. 运行:
在你的IDE中运行或将项目打包并部署到支持Servlet容器的环境中。访问http://localhost:8080/your-project-name/showForm,填写表单并提交后应该能看到提交结果。
这是一个简单的Spring MVC表单处理的例子,演示了创建表单、提交表单数据,以及显示提交的数据的基本流程。根据实际需求,你可以进一步扩展和定制表单处理。
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